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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">【第二章】一步一步学习SpringBoot2——集成Postgre SQL数据库</h1>
        

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        <p>本文主要内容为集成Postgre SQL数据库、开启Druid的监控功能</p>
<p>源代码地址：<a href="https://gitee.com/aiolos123/springboot-step-by-step" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://gitee.com/aiolos123/springboot-step-by-step</a></p>
<a id="more"></a>

<h1 id="注意事项"><a href="#注意事项" class="headerlink" title="注意事项"></a>注意事项</h1><ol>
<li>如果主键是自增的，需要在实体类的主键字段上使用@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)注解</li>
<li>@Configuration：Spring中会有很多的XML配置文件，文件中会配置很多的bean。在类上添加@Configuration注解，可以理解为该类变成一个XML配置文件。</li>
<li>@Bean：等同于XML配置文件中的配置。Spring Boot会把加上该注解的方法的返回值装载进SpringIoC容器，方法的名称对应标签的id属性值。<br>具体示例代码如下：<figure class="highlight aspectj"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Bean</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="function">FilterRegistrationBean <span class="title">druidStatFilter</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">      FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean</span><br><span class="line">                            = <span class="keyword">new</span> FilterRegistrationBean(<span class="keyword">new</span> WebStatFilter());</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="keyword">return</span> filterRegistrationBean;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<p>等同于</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;bean id=<span class="string">"druidStatFilter"</span> </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span></span>=<span class="string">"org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean"</span>&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;<span class="regexp">/bean&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h1 id="常见错误"><a href="#常见错误" class="headerlink" title="常见错误"></a>常见错误</h1><h2 id="“这个-org-postgresql-jdbc-PgConnection-createClob-方法尚未被实作”"><a href="#“这个-org-postgresql-jdbc-PgConnection-createClob-方法尚未被实作”" class="headerlink" title="“这个 org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection.createClob() 方法尚未被实作”"></a>“这个 org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection.createClob() 方法尚未被实作”</h2><ol>
<li><p>错误截图<br><img src="/blog/images/20190718152800455.jpg" alt="常见错误"></p>
</li>
<li><p>错误原因：不详</p>
</li>
<li><p>解决方法：在application.properties增加以下属性</p>
<figure class="highlight stylus"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">spring<span class="selector-class">.jpa</span><span class="selector-class">.properties</span><span class="selector-class">.hibernate</span><span class="selector-class">.dialect</span> = org<span class="selector-class">.hibernate</span><span class="selector-class">.dialect</span><span class="selector-class">.PostgreSQLDialect</span></span><br><span class="line">spring<span class="selector-class">.jpa</span><span class="selector-class">.properties</span><span class="selector-class">.hibernate</span><span class="selector-class">.temp</span><span class="selector-class">.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults</span> = false</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<h1 id="集成Postgre-SQL数据库"><a href="#集成Postgre-SQL数据库" class="headerlink" title="集成Postgre SQL数据库"></a>集成Postgre SQL数据库</h1><h2 id="在IDEA中配置Postgre-SQL数据库连接"><a href="#在IDEA中配置Postgre-SQL数据库连接" class="headerlink" title="在IDEA中配置Postgre SQL数据库连接"></a>在IDEA中配置Postgre SQL数据库连接</h2><p><img src="/blog/images/20190718145828784.jpg" alt="在IDEA中配置数据库连接"><br><img src="/blog/images/20190718150000027.jpg" alt="在IDEA中配置数据库连接"></p>
<h2 id="Spring-Boot集成Postgre-SQL数据库的步骤"><a href="#Spring-Boot集成Postgre-SQL数据库的步骤" class="headerlink" title="Spring Boot集成Postgre SQL数据库的步骤"></a>Spring Boot集成Postgre SQL数据库的步骤</h2><ol>
<li><p>首先在pom文件中添加pgsql驱动和JDBC驱动</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!--postgres sql连接Java的驱动--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.postgresql<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>    </span><br><span class="line">     <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>postgresql<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>    </span><br><span class="line">     <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span>42.2.5<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!--通过JDBC访问数据库--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span>      </span><br><span class="line">      <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>    </span><br><span class="line">      <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-jdbc<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>在application.properties配置文件中添加数据库配置</p>
<figure class="highlight clean"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">### pgsql数据库配置 ################################</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.driver-<span class="keyword">class</span>-name=org.postgresql.Driver</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql:<span class="comment">//localhost:5432/postgres</span></span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.username=postgres</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.password=xxxxxxx</span><br><span class="line">spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</span><br><span class="line">spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults = false</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>创建数据表、插入数据</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>接下来我们在数据库中创建一个名为ay_user的用户表：包括主键id, 用户名name, 密码password三个字段，并插入测试数据</p>
<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="keyword">TABLE</span> <span class="string">"public"</span>.<span class="string">"ay_user"</span> (</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">"id"</span> int4 <span class="keyword">NOT</span> <span class="literal">NULL</span> <span class="keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="keyword">nextval</span>(<span class="string">'ay_user_id_seq'</span>::regclass),</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">"name"</span> <span class="built_in">varchar</span>(<span class="number">32</span>) <span class="keyword">COLLATE</span> <span class="string">"pg_catalog"</span>.<span class="string">"default"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="string">"password"</span> <span class="built_in">varchar</span>(<span class="number">32</span>) <span class="keyword">COLLATE</span> <span class="string">"pg_catalog"</span>.<span class="string">"default"</span></span><br><span class="line">);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- ----------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- Primary Key structure for table ay_user</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- ----------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">ALTER</span> <span class="keyword">TABLE</span> <span class="string">"public"</span>.<span class="string">"ay_user"</span> <span class="keyword">ADD</span> <span class="keyword">CONSTRAINT</span> <span class="string">"ay_user_pk"</span> PRIMARY <span class="keyword">KEY</span> (<span class="string">"id"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- ----------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- Records of ay_user</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- ----------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">INSERT</span> <span class="keyword">INTO</span> <span class="string">"public"</span>.<span class="string">"ay_user"</span> <span class="keyword">VALUES</span> (<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'ay'</span>, <span class="string">'123456'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">INSERT</span> <span class="keyword">INTO</span> <span class="string">"public"</span>.<span class="string">"ay_user"</span> <span class="keyword">VALUES</span> (<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">'al'</span>, <span class="string">'123456'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">INSERT</span> <span class="keyword">INTO</span> <span class="string">"public"</span>.<span class="string">"ay_user"</span> <span class="keyword">VALUES</span> (<span class="number">4</span>, <span class="string">'ah'</span>, <span class="string">'123'</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="/blog/images/20190718150323901.jpg" alt="创建数据表"></p>
<ol start="4">
<li><p>创建实体类<br>然后，我们在项目中新建实体类</p>
<figure class="highlight groovy"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * ay_user用户表的实体类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Entity</span>  <span class="comment">//声明持久化POJO类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Data</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">AyUser</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title">Serializable</span> &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> serialVersionUID = <span class="number">4125096758372084309</span>L;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Id</span> <span class="comment">//声明主键</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@GeneratedValue</span>(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) <span class="comment">//自动生成主键</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> Integer id;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Column</span>(unique = <span class="literal">true</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> String name;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> String password;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>单元测试</p>
<figure class="highlight d"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//@RunWith（SpringRunner.class）：参数化运行器，配合@Parameters使用Junit的参数化功能。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//查源码可知，SpringRunner类是继承SpringJUnit4ClassRunner类，此处表明使用SpringJUnit4ClassRunner执行器。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//此执行器集成了Spring的一些功能。如果只是简单的Junit单元测试，该注解可以去掉。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//@SpringBootTest：此注解能够测试我们的SpringApplication，因为Spring Boot程序的入口是SpringApplication， </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//基本上所有配置都会通过入口类去加载，而该注解可以引用入口类的配置。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@RunWith</span>(SpringRunner.<span class="keyword">class</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@SpringBootTest</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> StepbystepApplicationTests &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//JdbcTemplate：是一个通过JDBC连接数据库的工具类。我们可以通过这个工具类对数据库进行增删改查等操作。</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//JdbcTemplate这个工具类在引入的spring-boot-starter-jdbc依赖中的spring-jdbc包下。</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">@Resource</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">     * pgSQL集成Springboot简单测试</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">     */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> myPgSQLTest() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        String sql = <span class="string">"select id,name,password from ay_user"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//query()方法：JdbcTemplate对象中的查询方法，通过传入sql语句和RowMapper对象，可以查询出数据库中的数据。</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//RowMapper对象：RowMapper对象可以将查询出的每一行数据封装成用户定义的类，</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//在下面代码中，通过调用RowMapper中的方法mapRow，数据库中的每一行数据封装成AyUser对象，返回回去。</span></span><br><span class="line">        List&lt;AyUser&gt; userList = (List&lt;AyUser&gt;) jdbcTemplate.query(sql, <span class="keyword">new</span> RowMapper&lt;AyUser&gt;() &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">public</span> AyUser mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, <span class="keyword">int</span> i) throws SQLException &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                AyUser user = <span class="keyword">new</span> AyUser();</span><br><span class="line">                user.setId(resultSet.getInt(<span class="string">"id"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">                user.setName(resultSet.getString(<span class="string">"name"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">                user.setPassword(resultSet.getString(<span class="string">"password"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">return</span> user;</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        System.<span class="keyword">out</span>.println(<span class="string">"查询成功"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> (AyUser u : userList) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            System.<span class="keyword">out</span>.println(<span class="string">"id="</span> + u.getId() + <span class="string">",name="</span> + u.getName() + <span class="string">",password"</span> + u.getPassword());</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="/blog/images/20190718150750453.jpg" alt="单元测试"></p>
<h1 id="Spring-Boot集成Druid数据库连接池"><a href="#Spring-Boot集成Druid数据库连接池" class="headerlink" title="Spring Boot集成Druid数据库连接池"></a>Spring Boot集成Druid数据库连接池</h1><h2 id="Druid概述"><a href="#Druid概述" class="headerlink" title="Druid概述"></a>Druid概述</h2><blockquote>
<p>Druid是阿里巴巴开源的一个数据库连接池。Druid是一个JDBC组件，它包括三部分：1）DruidDriver 代理Driver，能够提供基于Filter－Chain模式的插件体系。2）DruidDataSource 高效可管理的数据库连接池。3）SQLParser。它支持所有JDBC兼容的数据库，包括Oracle、MySQL、SQL Server等。Durid在监控、可扩展、稳定性和性能方面具有明显的优势。通过其提供的监控功能，可以实现观察数据库连接池和SQL查询的工作情况。使用Druid连接池，可以提高数据库的访问性能。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="集成Druid数据库连接池的步骤"><a href="#集成Druid数据库连接池的步骤" class="headerlink" title="集成Druid数据库连接池的步骤"></a>集成Druid数据库连接池的步骤</h2><ol>
<li><p>添加依赖</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!--Druid依赖--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>com.alibaba<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>druid<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>      </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span>1.1.10<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>在application.properties配置文件中添加配置</p>
<figure class="highlight clean"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">### Druid的配置 ##################################</span><br><span class="line">###  数据源类别</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource</span><br><span class="line">### 初始化大小，最小，最大</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.initialSize=<span class="number">5</span></span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.minIdle=<span class="number">5</span></span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.maxActive=<span class="number">20</span></span><br><span class="line">### 配置获取连接等待超时的时间，单位是毫秒</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.maxWait=<span class="number">60000</span></span><br><span class="line">### 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=<span class="number">60000</span></span><br><span class="line">### 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=<span class="number">300000</span></span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.validationQuery=SELECT <span class="number">1</span> FROM DUAL</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.testWhileIdle=true</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.testOnBorrow=false</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.testOnReturn=false</span><br><span class="line">### 打开PSCache，并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements=true</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize=<span class="number">20</span></span><br><span class="line">### 配置监控统计拦截的filters，去掉后监控界面sql无法统计，<span class="string">'wall'</span>用于防火墙</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.filters=stat,wall,log4j</span><br><span class="line">### 通过connectProperties属性来打开mergeSql功能；慢SQL记录</span><br><span class="line">spring.datasource.connectionProperties=druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=<span class="number">5000</span></span><br><span class="line">### 合并多个DruidDataSource的监控数据</span><br><span class="line">#spring.datasource.useGlobalDataSourceStat=true</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="开启Druid的监控功能"><a href="#开启Druid的监控功能" class="headerlink" title="开启Druid的监控功能"></a>开启Druid的监控功能</h2><blockquote>
<p>开启监控功能的方式有多种：1）使用了原生的Servlet，Filter方式，然后通过@ServletComponentScan进行启动扫描包的方式进行处理。2）使用代码注册Servlet和Filter的方式处理。这里我们选择Spring Boot推荐的第二种方式实现：即使用代码注册Servlet和Filter方式开启监控。</p>
</blockquote>
<ol>
<li>在filter包下创建一个Druid配置类：DruidConfiguration.java<figure class="highlight haxe"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 使用代码注册Servlet和Filter的方式，开启Druid监控的配置类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line">@Configuration</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">DruidConfiguration</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    @Bean</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">public</span> ServletRegistrationBean druidStatViewServlet()&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//由于 SpringBoot 默认是以 jar 包的方式启动嵌入式的 Servlet 容器来启动 SpringBoot 的 web 应用，</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//没有 web.xml 文件,所以要使用 Servlet 功能，就必须要借用 Spring Boot 提供的 ServletRegistrationBean 接口</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//使用ServletRegistrationBean 接口实现Servlet的注册</span></span><br><span class="line">        ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean =</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="type">ServletRegistrationBean</span>(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="type">StatViewServlet</span>(),<span class="string">"/druid/*"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//添加初始化参数</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//设置访问数据库的IP白名单</span></span><br><span class="line">        servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter(<span class="string">"allow"</span>,<span class="string">"127.0.0.1"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//设置访问数据库的IP黑名单 (存在共同时，deny优先于allow)</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// 如果满足deny的话提示:Sorry, you are not permitted to view this page.</span></span><br><span class="line">        servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter(<span class="string">"deny"</span>,<span class="string">"192.168.1.73"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//登录查看信息的账号和密码</span></span><br><span class="line">        servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter(<span class="string">"loginUsername"</span>,<span class="string">"admin"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter(<span class="string">"loginPassword"</span>,<span class="string">"123456"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//是否能够重置数据</span></span><br><span class="line">        servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter(<span class="string">"resetEnable"</span>,<span class="string">"false"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> servletRegistrationBean;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    @Bean</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">public</span> FilterRegistrationBean druidStatFilter()&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//使用FilterRegistrationBean接口实现Filter的注册</span></span><br><span class="line">        FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean</span><br><span class="line">                = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="type">FilterRegistrationBean</span>(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="type">WebStatFilter</span>());</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//添加过滤规则</span></span><br><span class="line">        filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns(<span class="string">"/*"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//添加需要忽略的格式信息</span></span><br><span class="line">        filterRegistrationBean.addInitParameter(<span class="string">"exclusions"</span>,<span class="string">".js,*.gif,*jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> filterRegistrationBean;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="/blog/images/20190718151250408.jpg" alt="创建一个配置类"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>注册类ServletRegistrationBean和FilterRegistrationBean：在DruidConfiguration.java这个配置文件中，我们配置了两个类：druidStatViewServlet和druidStatFilter。通过注册类ServletRegistrationBean和FilterRegistrationBean实现Servlet和Filter类的注册。<br>在druidStatViewServlet类中，我们设定了访问数据库的白名单、黑名单、登陆用户名和密码等信息。<br>在druidStatFilter类中，我们设定了过滤的规则和需要忽略的格式。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>至此，我们的Durid配置类开发完成。</p>
<ol start="2">
<li>开发完成Durid配置类DruidConfiguration.java后，重启项目<br>通过 <a href="http://localhost:8080/druid/login.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://localhost:8080/druid/login.html</a> 即可访问Druid监控界面<br><img src="/blog/images/20190718151424034.jpg" alt="访问Druid监控界面"></li>
</ol>
<p>在Druid的监控界面中，我们就可以对数据源、SQL、Web应用等进行监控。</p>

      
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